Utilize the ACR/EULAR clinical criteria if joint aspiration is unavailable: Monoarticular involvement of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, erythema, maximal pain within 24 hours, and serum uric acid level (measured at least 4 weeks post-flare). 19. Migraine Headache
Confirm via microscopic urinalysis showing pyuria (> 5-10 WBCs/hpf) or bacteriuria if dipstick results are equivocal.
Recurrent headache disorder manifesting in attacks lasting 4–72 hours with typical characteristics. Diagnostic Protocol:
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) testing to evaluate eosinophilic airway inflammation if spirometry is inconclusive. 7. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Hyperthyroidism, panic disorder, pheochromocytoma, caffeine intoxication, cardiac arrhythmias. Genitourinary & Integumentary Conditions sop for diagnosis of top 20 common diseases updated
Hypothyroidism, bipolar disorder, adjustment disorder, normal bereavement, substance-induced mood disorder. 16. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Specific objective laboratory or imaging metrics fulfilling the disease criteria outlined in this SOP.
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (Anti-TPO) to confirm Hashimoto's thyroiditis if clinically indicated.
Order laboratory and imaging studies sequentially based on pre-test probability to avoid over-testing and incidental findings. 3. Disease-Specific Diagnostic Pathways 1. Essential Hypertension Utilize the ACR/EULAR clinical criteria if joint aspiration
Evaluate for typical angina (substernal chest pain brought on by exertion, relieved by rest or nitroglycerin).
High-dose Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) for 1–2 weeks; resolution confirms GERD.
Serum creatinine with eGFR calculations using the CKD-EPI formula. First-morning void spot urine for UACR.
Perform a comprehensive neurological exam; any focal neurological deficit requires urgent brain MRI to rule out secondary intracranial pathologies. 20. Cholelithiasis / Cholecystitis Perform a comprehensive neurological exam
Evaluate Free Thyroxine (Free T4) if the TSH level returns elevated (> 4.5 mIU/L).
Cardiac stress testing (exercise or pharmacological) or Coronary CT Angiography (CCTA) for stable presentations.
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) respiratory panel (highest sensitivity and specificity).
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) or Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
Meet any of the following confirmed on repeat testing (unless unequivocal symptoms of hyperglycemia are present): Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) ≥is greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥is greater than or equal to 2-hour Post-Load Glucose ≥is greater than or equal to
200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Random plasma glucose ≥is greater than or equal to